Inverted Biological Microscope
The inverted biological microscope was developed for observations of living cells (cultured cells). Cells targeted for observation are cultured in a Carrel flask or petri dish. Using conventional upright microscopes presents a number of challenges, such as the objective lens dipping into the culture fluid, limitations on the specimen vessel used, difficulties in adjusting the phase contrast, and the image going out of focus when observed over long time periods. The inverted biological microscope (tissue culture microscope) was developed to help solve these problems. The optical technology for inverted microscopes had already been developed for metallurgical applications. Olympus launched the PMB inverted microscope in 1958 and the simplified CK in 1966. Afterward, Olympus used UIS optics to develop the IX™ series, which is still in use today.